DNA Nanostructures Convert Mirna Binding Into SERS Light Signal for Disease Diagnosis

The method uses DNA-based nanostructures that change their binding orientation when they encounter specific miRNAs, converting this change into a light signal (SERS). The findings were published online in the international chemical engineering journal 'Chemical Engineering Journal'. miRNAs are attracting attention as biomarkers for disease because their levels vary in various conditions, including cancer. miRNAs contained in extracellular vesicles (EVs) in urine or blood offer the potential for non-invasive disease diagnosis, as they reduce the burden of blood sampling or tissue collection.

However, existing analysis methods require separate amplification steps, and analyzing multiple miRNAs simultaneously complicates the procedure. To address this, the team developed the 'Dual Tetrahedral DNA Orientation-SERS (DTO-SERS)' platform using two DNA tetrahedral nanostructures. The technology is designed so that when a specific miRNA connects the two DNA structures, they bind in different orientations. The researchers noted the significance of using DNA nanostructures not as simple supports but as signal conversion devices whose structure and orientation change in response to targets.