Pathways to Independence Award, a Key Funding Route for Biomedical Careers in the U.s., According to an Internal Presentation Viewed by STAT

The agency intends to limit eligibility to U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and non-citizen nationals. Historically, the K99/R00 program has been one of few offering funding to visa-holding scientists, covering two years of postdoctoral study and three years as an independent lab head. Experts fear even top scholars will struggle to establish themselves without it.