These Variations Stem From Aircraft Weight Limits and Regulatory Allowances for Airlines to Set Their Own Standards

A former pilot explains why airlines have tightened carry-on baggage rules, citing safety concerns and the rise of low-cost carriers that profit from baggage fees. Virgin Australia recently limited economy passengers to one 8kg cabin bag plus a small personal item, while Air Canada restricts basic fare passengers to one personal article on certain routes. These variations stem from aircraft weight limits and regulatory allowances for airlines to set their own standards.

For example, Australian regulations assume an average passenger weight of 81.8kg for men and 66.7kg for women on larger planes, with a standard 7kg carry-on allowance, but airlines can seek approval for different weights. The push for stricter rules is also driven by revenue: the International Air Transport Association forecasts ancillary revenue, including baggage fees, will reach $144 billion this year, surpassing cargo revenue. Natasha Heap, a program director at the University of Southern Queensland, notes that while clearer rules are welcome, the inconsistency can confuse travelers.